The main objective is to repair tissue injuries, restore normal occlusion, and provide an acceptable aesthetic appearance.
To assess fractures and trauma, an inspection and palpation of the mandibular and maxillary bones, as well as the temporomandibular joints, lips, cheeks, tongue, palate, and oral and pharyngeal mucosa, are performed. The head is also examined for asymmetries, facial wounds, and the oral cavity is inspected for lacerations, hematomas, bleeding, and fractured or displaced teeth.
It is advisable to perform X-rays and CT scans for accurate diagnosis, usually after stabilizing the patient.
From the perspective of veterinary dentistry, the treatment of mandibular fractures is based on key principles: using non-invasive techniques whenever possible, preserving healthy teeth near the fracture, performing combined endodontic and periodontal treatments in cases of dental injuries, and avoiding iatrogenic injuries to other teeth, bones, and soft tissues.
Maintaining or restoring proper occlusion is also a priority.
Repair techniques for mandibular fractures include the use of muzzles for immobilization, splinting between arches, lip suturing with buttons, circumferential and intraosseous wiring, and interdental splinting. Each technique has its specific indications and considerations.
These surgical techniques provide effective solutions for treating fractures and luxations of the mandible in animals, allowing for the restoration of normal function and improving the quality of life for patients.
