Gingivectomy is a procedure that involves removing excess gum tissue around a tooth. It's performed to treat pseudopockets, which are areas of inflamed and overgrown gum that contribute to periodontal disease. It can also be used in crown lengthening procedures and to expose subgingival dental defects.
Gingivoplasty is a form of gingivectomy that aims to restore the natural contours of the gums.
It's important to note that gingivectomy and gingivoplasty are contraindicated when there is less than 2 mm of attached gum tissue and when bone loss extends beyond the mucogingival junction.
The procedure begins by marking the depth of the pocket on the gum surface using a periodontal probe. A bevel incision is then made to completely remove the pseudopocket and achieve a natural gingival contour.
After excess gum tissue is removed, hemostasis can be achieved, and fine contouring is done using a bullet-shaped bur on a high-speed handpiece. It's crucial to preserve at least 2 mm of attached gingival tissue by the end of the procedure.
Once the dental surface is exposed, cleaning and polishing are performed. Bleeding from the gingival surface is controlled, and astringents and a surface protector can be applied.
