The eyelids are modified skin folds that continue with the rest of the skin on the face, and whose main functions are to protect the eyeball, produce, and spread tears. Blinking is the motor function of the eyelids, and through it, the tear film is distributed and renewed. There are different pathologies that affect the structure and function of the eyelids, such as the formation of lumps or the overgrowth of abnormal tissue.
In a previous post on our blog, we detailed the differential diagnoses of a lump at the eyelid level, and one of the possible causes was a tumorous mass. Therefore, in this article, we will delve into the most important aspects to consider regarding these neoplasms.
Eyelid masses are a relatively frequent eyelid pathology that involves an abnormal proliferation of cells. They are especially observed in geriatric dogs (>10 years old), although they can appear at any age. Fortunately, most eyelid tumors in canines are benign, with a slow growth rate. The same does not apply to the feline species, in which they are more sporadic and more likely to be malignant.
The derived symptoms include inflammation, changes in the appearance of the eyelid, pain, and in the most severe cases, they can lead to vision loss due to ulceration or keratitis. Although the percentage of metastasis is very low, it should be considered a risk factor until the histopathology results are available.
In dogs, approximately 40% of reported tumors correspond to adenoma of the Meibomian glands, followed by melanomas with 20% and papillomas with 17%. On the other hand, based on the type of neoplasm, a certain breed predisposition has been described, such as the Boxer and Boston Terrier in mast cell tumors.
The treatment of choice is surgical resection, which is usually curative in most cases. Determining the type of eyelid tumor is important to establish correct surgical margins, possible recurrences, and metastasis. For this purpose, a histopathological analysis of the removed tissue is performed. This involves a meticulous observation of micrometric tissue sections under a microscope, which allows determining whether its behavior is benign or malignant. Based on the definitive diagnosis, complementary treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, may be necessary.
Symptoms
Given all the above, it is advisable to be attentive to any change in the normal appearance of the eyelid. Detecting neoplasms in time is key to performing the least invasive surgical treatment. As a preventive measure, periodic clinical check-ups are recommended.
At IVeM, as a center specialized in the treatment of ophthalmological pathologies, we have a qualified human team with extensive experience in the treatment of eyelid tumors. In our clinic, we will carry out the specific diagnosis through histopathological analysis and perform the most effective treatment, always seeking a 100% aesthetic and functional result. If you trust us, we will be happy to welcome you. Contact us!
